Astronomy

=Chapter 19-20 Astronomy!!=





=To Start, Here are some great resources for information on Astronomy: Videos, Websites, etc.= =The Sun= Short film on how we are able to study the Sun media type="custom" key="24957692"

=Lunar Phases= Animation by Khan Academy media type="custom" key="24957706"

Cool article and pics on a recent Supernova!
=And now my favorite!= =Astronaut answering a students question-- LIVE from Outerspace!= media type="custom" key="25853422"

This last one is a personal favorite-- it involves SPACE, Super Cool Technology, Scientific Experimentation, and HELLO KITTY!!!! media type="custom" key="25844606"

=Part I: Lunar Cycles=



How much of the Moon is always lit up? Look at the "inner circle" for the answer!
media type="custom" key="28422155"

=Naming a Lunar Phase:=
 * 1) 1. What __side__ is lit up? Left or Right? Left= waning; Right= waxing
 * 2) 2. What is the __shape__ of the lit up side?

=Now Quiz yourself:= =Part II: Astonomy Scientists-- The reason we are where we are today...= media type="custom" key="28484171"

=Part III: Solar System=

Let's begin with a fun little song-- and take it Old School with some Blues Clues!!!
Blues Clues Planet Song

Here's another one! StoryBots Planets Video

In this process, hydrogen “fuses together” to become Helium and releases a lot of energy..
==C. This energy releases in the form of Heat (infrared radiation) and Light (visible spectrum) which travel through space and provide energy to Earth’s surface. ==

 And the Sun is only 5 billion years old…


==G. __solar wind__- electrically charged particles from the sun’s Corona that enters the Earth’s atmosphere at the North and South Poles, causing Auroras. (aka The Northern Lights) ==



 ***Come up with your own!
==Mercury- Venus-Earth-Mars - Jupiter-Saturn-Uranus-Neptune ==

IV. Fun facts about each planet
=**__ A. Mercury __**=

 7. hottest and coldest temperatures [[image:mercury & earth.png width="637" height="448"]]
=__**B.Venus **__=

** What are the similarities with Earth???


=**__C.Earth __**=

 6. axis is tilted (seasons!!!)
==

==

=**__<span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif;">D. Mars __**=

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=__**<span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif;">E. Jupiter **__=

<span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif;">* How is it like the Sun?


=__**<span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif;">F. Saturn **__=

<span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif;"> 4. Its Largest moon- Titan


=__**<span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif;">G. Uranus **__=

<span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif;"> 4. Rotates on its side
<span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; line-height: 0px; overflow: hidden;">

=__**<span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif;">H. Neptune **__=

<span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif;">....WHERE IN THE WORLD HAVE WE HEARD THIS TERM??????......
__<span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Section 20.5 __

<span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">__**Comet**:__ “Dirty snowball”- chunks of ice and dust. Travels in elliptical pattern.


 * o <span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">When it orbits closer to the sun, ice turns to gas releasing dust. Brightest part of a comet is the head (versus the tail which is thin but 100s of millions of km long!)
 * o <span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Halley’s comet: every **76 years**! (named after scientist)

<span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">__**Asteroids:**__ Celestial debris too small and too numerous to be planets.
 * o <span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Usually between Mars and Jupiter- called the Asteroid Belt.
 * o <span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">May one day hit Earth as it has been hypothesized to have done 65 million years ago on the Yucatan, wiping out the dinosaurs.

<span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">__**Meteoroids:**__ chunks of rock and dust in space, sometimes from a comet or asteroid.
 * o <span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">When it enters Earth’s atmosphere, friction burns particles, and gives it a “glow” or streak of light. = **meteorites. Also known to us as a "shooting star"**
 * o <span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Several in one night= meteorite shower.
 * o <span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Made of iron and nickel. (which makes them different than rock)

<span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 0px; overflow: hidden;">

<span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 0px; overflow: hidden;">***Is the above picture a meteorite or meteoroid?**


 * <span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 0px; overflow: hidden;">What is another name for a Meteorite? **


 * <span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 0px; overflow: hidden;">Below is the remains of a meteorite after it hit Earth. What is it made of? **


 * <span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 0px; overflow: hidden;">What caused the patterns in the "rock?" **



<span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Section 20.6: Probability of Life on Earth **

<span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">1.What are the characteristics of living things?


 * <span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Made up of cells, use energy, grow & develop, reproduce, give off waste, etc (there are 8 total)

à <span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Ex. Yeast cell.

<span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">2. What is meant by the “Goldilocks Condition?” What are they?


 * <span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Condition of the Earth that makes it “just right” for life.
 * <span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Not too hot (water= water vapor), not too cold (water=ice)

<span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">3. Where on Earth is there life without Goldilocks condition?


 * <span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Deep Ocean life: high pressure & no sunlight= no photosynthesis.
 * <span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Instead these single-celled organisms and giant tube worms undergo chemosynthesis.

<span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">**Also in rocks (what lives in rocks) and caves (dark) and hot springs (very hot)

<span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">4. What made us think there could be Life on Mars? What’s the name of the Mission? What did we find?


 * <span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">What looked like Criss cross paths of water & stream beds= water once on the planet!! Did they have other factors to support life?
 * <span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Viking mission tested sample to see if it gave off Oxygen or Carbon dioxide (which would have been given off by life forms) but it did not.
 * <span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Also found “fossil” like shapes in a meteorite but could have been nothing more than normal geological processes.

=Updated article about potential "Life on Mars"=

<span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">5. What aspect of Venus’ atmosphere supports life? What aspects do not?

<span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Supports life:


 * <span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Has an atmosphere= greenhouse effect!

<span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Cannot support life:


 * <span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Atmosphere too thick
 * <span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Sulfuric gases in the atmosphere
 * <span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">No sunny days = no photosynthesis
 * <span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Pressure of atmosphere 90Xs Earth’s
 * <span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">460 degrees!! Way too hot!

=Now Let's Find the Science in the Days of Creation... Pay attention to the Order:=

<span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Day 1
 * <span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Genesis: 6 Days of Creation **
 * <span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">God created the Heavens and the Earth
 * <span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">God created Light- Day and Night
 * //<span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">What does light allow? //

<span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Day 2
 * <span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Separates water: Sky and oceans
 * //<span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">What form of water in each? What was this the beginning of? //
 * //<span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">What “effect” did it create? This allows what to occur? //
 * //<span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">(Count how many self-sustaining “things” God creates…) //

<span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Day 3
 * <span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Land produced in the water below.
 * <span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Vegetation on the land (seed plants)
 * //<span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">What do plants produce? What did this do to the atmosphere? //

<span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Day 4
 * <span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Two great lights were seen from Earth: Sun and Moon.
 * //<span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">What is Sunlight good for…? //

<span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Day 5
 * <span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Animals in the water and in the sky.
 * //<span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">What do they breathe? //

<span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Day 6
 * <span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Animals of the land
 * <span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Man & Woman
 * <span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">(all of whom are granted the ability to be fruitful…)

<span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Thought Question:
 * <span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Could this have happened in any different order and have the same effect?
 * <span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Does the Bible’s Creation have scientific validity?

<span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">“ <span style="font-family: Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 16pt;">Science exists to tell us how the universe works. Religion exists to tell what it means.”

=Test Yourself! Here is an old Astronomy Test I have given students in the past. See how you score. Key provided!=